Evaluation of Quality Characteristics of Biodiesel Produced From Jatropha Curcas in Kenya

Abstract

The quality characteristics of biodiesel produced from Jatropha curcas in Kenya were evaluated. Seeds for oil extraction were obtained from Meru and Tharaka Nithi, Kibwezi, Oyugis and Funyula research plots while biodiesel was obtained through trans-esterification process. Physical and chemical properties of seed oil and biodiesel were analysed according to the American Standards Testing Materials (ASTM D4052) protocols. It was found that the density of oil was between 1.0802 - 1.0864 g/cm³ at 20°C whereas that of biodiesel ranged between 0.8786 – 0.8808 g/cm³. Acid value of seed oil was between 1.35 - 4.19 mgKOH/g while that of biodiesel was between 0.31 - 0.86 mgKOH/g. Kinematic viscosity of biodiesel was between 4.3 to 4.8 mm²/s at 40°C. From the results, it was concluded that straight Jatropha oil after trans-esterification process is suitable for direct usage as fossil fuel substitute. Parameters of biodiesel produced were within the limits of those set out in the ASTM standards for biodiesel. Using Jatropha as a source of biodiesel in Kenya would save on foreign exchange used to import fossil fuels, create jobs for youth and contribute to reduction of the effects of greenhouse gases emissions.