The Impacts of Gumuz – Oromo Cross Border Conflict on the Rural Society: Along the Border of Belojiganfo [Yie] and Sassiga Woreda

Abstract

The main purpose of this study is analyzing the impacts of Gumuz- Oromo cross border conflict on rural society along Belo-jiganfo(yie) woreda of Kamashi Zone and Sassiga woreda of East Wollega Zone. This study preferred to use qualitative research methodology which enabled the researcher to use different techniques to grasp the social interaction in a sensible way and purposeful sampling method was used. For the purpose of this study key informant in depth individual interview and focused group discussion were used as data gathering instrument and the gathered data were descriptively analyzed. In the post Dergue cross border and ethnic conflicts have become a persistent occurrence of Ethiopian federal state structure. Most of these conflicts are due to resource competition and threat of autonomy while others are because of fear loss of recognition of self-identification and sovereignty of regional status. This is the case of Gumuz and Oromo conflict that flared up in May, 2008 along the border of Belo-jiganfo [yie] and Sassiga wore das which inflicted serious impacts on the rural society. A majority of conflict studies have been carried out despite the studies at large focused on cause, actors and conflict management but neglect the impacts that it inflicted to the rural people who are the first line victims. Furthermore, rural areas are/ were the scene of the conflict but little investigation have been done in terms of all aspects. Hence the present study significantly contributes in revealing the impacts of cross border conflict on rural society. The study added alternative approach in understanding of territorial competitions and border problems between Gumuz and Oromo as well as enabling to realize the politics of peace in rural Ethiopia. The major impacts are economic, social and security related cases. It draws conclusions regarding the impacts of cross border conflict. As long as there is claim and counter claims on significant emblematic border lands sustains conflict.