Phytochemicals and Antimicrobial Activity of Vitexdoniana (verbenaceae) on Salmonella typhimurium

Abstract

 Phytochemicals from Vitexdoniana( Verbenaceae) leaves and stem bark were extracted with ethanol and distilled water as solvents using standard procedures. Aqueous solvent had 7 and 6 phytochemicals from leaves and stem bark as against the ethanolic with 5 and 3, respectively. All extracts irrespective of solvent and plant organs had flavonoids, tannins and phenols present, but devoid of carbohydrate. The antibacterial effect of the extracts was concentration dependent. Aqueous extract of stem-bark showed the highest inhibitory effect at the concentration of 36.0mg/ml. Cardiac glycosides was probable the most active principle in stem bark that provided relative efficacy over aqueous leaf extract which lacked it.