Knowledge, Attitude and Practices towards Brucellosis among Pastoral Community in Kenya, 2013

Abstract

Background: Brucellosis is a global zoonotic disease and a major public and animal health problem in many parts of the world, particularly in pastoral set up where livestock is a major source of livelihood and food. Effective prevention and control of brucellosis depends on knowledge, attitude and practices of the community. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices related to brucellosis among pastoralists in Garissa.

Methods: The study was based on a cross-sectional study design, using a multistage sampling technique and a structured questionnaire was administered using a face-to-face interview to farmers aged 15 years and above.

Results: A total of 120 pastoralists were interviewed of which 90 (75%) were male; median age was 16 years (Range: 15 – 70 years); 102 (85%) were aged below 35 years and 95 (79%) had heard of brucellosis. Among those aware of brucellosis, 17 (18%) mentioned bacteria/germ as cause and 44 (46%) were informed through community health workers. Abortion was mentioned by 56 (59%) of respondents as main clinical sign of brucellosis in animals. Sixty-seven (71%) knew brucellosis as zoonotic disease of which 55 (82%) mentioned drinking of raw milk as main route of transmission. Fever was mentioned by 71 (75%) as main clinical symptom. Regarding attitudes and perceptions, 13 (14%) knew that brucellosis could be prevented in animals; 33 (35%) knew that it could be treated in humans; only eight (8%) would visit a health facility if they suspected brucellosis and 44 (46%) would do nothing if they had aborting animal in their herd. Regarding practices, 91 (96%) consumed raw milk in the past year; 72 (76%) assisted an animal during the birthing process of which 61 (75%) disposed fetal materials by dumping; and 34 (36%) participated in slaughtering an animal.

Conclusions: The study indicates that brucellosis remains a major public health problem among the pastoralists in this area. Though the community has fair knowledge on brucellosis, attitudes, perceptions and practices are poor. The study highlights the importance of increased provision of information about knowledge, attitude and practices regarding brucellosis in this area as one of the major strategies in prevention and control of brucellosis.